In a softener, the service velocity is kept in the range of 20–30 BV/h; at higher velocities, hardness leakage occurs. Alongside the daily load calculation, this rule sets the minimum resin volume: resin (L) ≥ flow (L/h) ÷ 25.
Technical glossary· Ion exchange and softening
Bed Volume (BV)
Short definitionA way of expressing flow relative to the volume of resin or filter media; for example, 25 BV/h means water equal to 25 times the resin volume passes per hour.
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